Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Leaflets obdeltoid, to 34 long, glaucous, petioles to 8 reddish black color. Phytochemical content of leaf and stem of marsilea quadrifolia l. Leaves floating in deep water or erect in shallow water or on land. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the plants classification report. Wood sorrel and clover can be distinguished by their trifoliate leaves and terrestrial habits, while european water clover has quadrifoliate leaves. Conservation status assesses every six years and for each biogeographical region the condition of habitats and species compared to the favourable status as described in the habitats directive. Marsilea quadrifoliatrimming general aquarium plants.
With a free trial of our online pdf converter, you can convert files to and from pdf for free, or sign up for one of our memberships for limitless access to our file converters full suite of tools. Marsilea minuta, or dwarf waterclover is a species of aquatic fern in the family marsileaceae. Pdf an investigation has been made on the relevance of one such lesser known species marsilea quadrifolia linn. Contribution to the ecology of marsilea quadrifolia l. Names of marsilea quadrifolia in various languages of the world are also given. Marsilea quadrifolia is a herbaceous plant found naturally in central and southern europe, caucasia, western siberia, afghanistan, southwest india, china, japan, and vietnam, though it is considered a weed in some parts of the united states, where it has been well established in the northeast for over 100 years. Current status and distribution marsilea quadrifolia a. Marsilea quadrifolia water fern of europe and asia and the eastern united states distinguished by four leaflets resembling clover leaves water. In vitro propagation of the endangered species marsilea quadrifolia l. How marsilea quadrifolia is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format.
While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. It can grow in semishade light woodland or no shade. S and canada distribution map 2 not recorded in wisconsin. Contribution to the ecology ofmarsilea quadrifolia l. Marsilea quadrifolia european waterclover this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Sometimes in the back of the tanks under the other foliage some of the 4 leaf forms will come out. This page was last edited on 19 february 2020, at 21.
You also get unlimited file sizes as well as the ability to upload and convert several files to pdf at the same time. Although we have found no reports of toxicity for this species, a number of ferns contain carcinogens so some caution is advisable. Updated for itis by the flora of north america expertise network, in connection with an update for usda plants 20072010 reference for. The record derives from tropicos data supplied on 20120418 which reports it as an accepted name record 26602150 with original publication details. Range globalcontinental wisconsin native range europe, azores1 figure 1. Marsilea mutica aquatic water clover as with all the marsilea described, the foliage on this species resembles a fourleaf clover. Juncus bulbosus and lindernia procumbens documents the affinity. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria.
From creeping rhizomes, thin green stalks rise to the water surface, each stalk bearing a single leaf with. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in marsilea quadrifolia. In the aquarium, water clover is grown fully submerged, usually in the foreground where it spreads by means of runners. Status and strategy for european waterclover marsilea quadrifolia l. This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus marsilea family marsileaceae the record derives from tropicos data supplied on 20120418 which reports it as an accepted name record 26602150 with original publication details. Its one of my favorites and makes a great ground cover. Fourleaf clover marsilea quadrifolia freshwater aquarium. Feb 11, 20 marsilea quadrifolia is a low light plant that doesnt need alot of care and grow very slow. Marsilea quadrifolia 4leaf clover this is a wonderful little fern. Media in category marsilea quadrifolia the following 22 files are in this category, out of 22 total. Pdf the european species of the genus marsilea are presented, with. I took a look at arizona aquatics web site, and they sell both m. The plants are herbaceous with rhizomatous stem, creeping on or just below the soil surface. Wood sorrel and clover can be distinguished by their trifoliate leaves and terrestrial habits, while european water clover has quadrifoliate leaves and it is primarily aquatic.
Water shamrock, despite its common name, is not related to shamrocks or clover or pepper it is a fern. Phytochemical content of leaf and stem of marsilea. Marsilea quadrifolia is an aquatic fern bearing 4 parted leaf resembling 4leaf clover trifolium. Aquatic fern bearing 4 parted leaf resembling 4leaf clover trifolium. Marsilea quadrifolia definition of marsilea quadrifolia. Marsilea strigosa marsileaceae, pterydophyta is a rare water fern found in the mediterranean basin, in temporary flooded habitats only.
Pdf conservation status and conservation strategies of. Thin green petioles leaf stalks form off of creeping rhizomes. Marsilea quadrifolia herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects. Here are your notes on the life history of marsilea. Stronger light and the injection of co2 further a stronger, more compact growth. Many ferns also contain thiaminase, an enzyme that robs the body of its vitamin b complex. Article citation database or nal catalog of usdas national. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. The four leaf clover can grow in a number of different soil types, ranging from sands to clays. Marsilea species are comparatively undemanding and do well under moderate light and a regular supply of nutrients. The multiple shoots were differentiated from the explants on murashige and skoog ms medium augmented with 6benzylaminopurin bap. When ordering multiple plants at the beginning of the season please take note of the normally available from in the plant information above your order will be dispatched once all the plants are ready for sale, so it is good idea to order plants within the same month range to avoid delays the normally available from is a guide only and based on. In most of my tanks it grows with the single leaf form across the bottom of the tank. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
This map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts and records obtained from usda plants database. An efficient micropropagation protocol has been developed for marsilea quadrifolia l. Marsilea quadrifolia is a herbaceous plant found naturally in central and southern europe. Collaborative floristic effort of north american botanists. Marsilea quadrifolia herb uses, benefits, cures, side. Marsilea quadrifolia water clover, european waterclover pfaf. Southeast asia1 slowflowing streams, marshes, ponds. Study of a wide range of old world material of marsilea would be required, however, to resolve the question of whether marsilea quadrifolia and marsilea minuta. Pdf the four leaf water clover marsilea quadrifolia l. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about european water fern, water clover marsilea quadrifolia supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database at daves garden.
Phytochemical tests for tannins, saponins, lavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins and phenolic compounds and phytosterols were showed positive results in aqueous and methanolic stem extracts. According to the map of european naturally occurrence of m. It normally seems to be unfussy as to light and water conditions, and doesnt need a rich substrate. Plants profile for marsilea quadrifolia european waterclover. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs. Marsilea quadrifolia is an edible leafy plant with high crude protein content, but has a widely varying nutrient composition depending on the season it was harvested dewanji et al. Marsilea quadrifolia water clover, european waterclover. Pdf on jan 1, 2010, rodolfo gentili and others published marsilea quadrifolia l find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate.
Electronic plant information centre of royal botanic gardens, kew. The sporangia of these are produced within special structures known as sporocarps. The mature rhizomes were used as explants and successfully sterilized using 0. Marsilea mutica nardoo, australian waterclover pfaf plant. An investigation has been made on the relevance of one such lesser known species marsilea quadrifolia linn. The species of marsilea are generally aquatic or amphibious in nature with their roots embedded in mud or damp. Tue, 19 jan 1999 a follow up to my last post on this topic.
Sporocarp ferns ellipsoid, to 316 long, dark brown, on stalks to 34 long. Protoxylem elements are exarch, facing towards the periphery. It is distinguished quite easily by the sorocarps arising from a short way up the leaf pedicel, not in the axil where the pedicell meets the basal stem as in indian species. Phloem is welldeveloped and arranged between the xylem. Conservation status and conservation strategies of threatened aquatic fern marsilea quadrifolia l.
Provided by smithsonian institution, department of botany. Marsilea quadrifolia is quite close to marsilea minuta, and in fact specimens of marsilea from china seem intermediate between the two species in sporocarp size and peduncle attachment. List of various diseases cured by marsilea quadrifolia. Leaflets obdeltoid, to 34 long, glaucous, petioles to 8 long. Marsilea quadrifolia marsileaceae european water clover. European water clover marsilea quadrifolia superficially resembles a wood sorrel oxalis or a clover trifolium, but it is a sporeproducing fern, rather than a flowering seed plant. The species of marsilea are generally aquatic or amphibious in nature with their roots embedded in mud or damp soil.
It has two pairs of leaflets arranged in a four leaf clover pattern. Marsilea quadrifolia can be grown as a potted plant, either just with soil kept wet, or semisubmerged, with fronds emergent from the water, or fully submerged, with the fronds floating on the surface of the water. The family includes the living genera marsilea, pilularia and regnellidium. S and canada distribution map 2 not recorded in wisconsin abundancerange widespread. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page. Other common names include gelid waterklawer, small water clover, airy pepperwort, and pepperwort, though the lattermost also applies to plants in the genus lepidium. Water shamrock marsilea quadrifolia plants for ponds. Marsilea quadrifolia synonyms, marsilea quadrifolia pronunciation, marsilea quadrifolia translation, english dictionary definition of marsilea quadrifolia. Database of european plants esfeds flora of north america. The family includes the living generamarsilea, pilularia and regnellidium. This particular variety has reddishbrown stripes that split the darker green on the top half of the leaflets and the lighter green of the lower half. Plants profile for marsilea vestita hairy waterclover. It prefers moist or wet soil and can grow in water. Check other web resources for marsilea quadrifolia l.
European water fern, water clover marsilea quadrifolia. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Marsilea minuta is quite close to marsilea quadrifolia, and in fact specimens of marsilea from china seem intermediate between the two species in sporocarp size and peduncle attachment. Marsilea quadrifolia plant finder missouri botanical garden. Useful notes on the life history of marsilea 4960 words.
Marsilea quadrifolia in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. The four leaf clover, also known as the clover fern or water shamrock, originates from inland australia and the dwarf form native to southeast asia. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information.
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